Definition of Operational Research

Definition of Operational Research

Operational research or also known as management science, operational research techniques and others.

A brief history:

During World War II, the British army formed a team of top scientists to study the problems of strategy and tactics in connection with the attacks launched by the enemy against his country. Their goal is to determine the use of resources kemeliteran limited, such as radar and Bomber, the most effective manner. Since the TSB team conducted a study on military operations, the Military Operations Research munculah name who since birth has been marked by dugunaknnya scientific knowledge in an effort to determine the use of limited resources.

The success obtained by the British army was then pushed the American army to conduct similar activities to form the same team called Team Operations Research. This team managed to solve the logistical problems of supply of articles for the war, determine flight patterns of a more efficient basis, and determine the basic patterns of tissue for the operation of electronic equipment.

After World War II bearkhir, who was born diInggris Operations Research was then expanded rapidly in the U.S. because of the success achieved by the Operations Research Team in the military field has attracted the attention of industry people. In such rapid progress that is now Operations serearch has been used in almost all activities, both in these High, Consultants, Hospitals, Urban planning as well as in other business activities.

As a problem-solving techniques, Operations research should be viewed as a science and art. Aspects of science lies in the use of techniques and mathematical algorithms to solve the problems faced.

While as an art, its success is because of this mathematical model solution depends on the creativity and the ability of a person as an analyst in making decisions (The Art of Balancing).

Models in Operations Research

    1. Iconic model (Physical)

The drawing in a different scale, example: a photo, Blueprint, Map, Globe, etc..

    2. Analog model (Diagramatis)

This model can describe the dynamic situation and the more widely used than the iconic model, because it is providing an analog for karskteristik being studied. For example: the statistical frequency distribution curves, the curves suply - demand, flow charts, etc..

    3. Symbolic Models (Mathematical)

The drawing of the real world by mathematical symbols. At first this symbolic model of an abstract model which was formed in the mind of someone who is then prepared in symbols. Mathematical model of the most widely used in operational research is a form of mathematical model equations or per Tidaksamaan.

    4. Simulation Model

Ie a model that mimics the behavior of the system by studying the interaction of its components. Because it does not require mathematical functions relating explicitly for variable-variable system, then this simulation model can be used to solve complex system problems which can not be solved mathematically. This model can not provide the optimum solution, because of its TSB.

    5. Heuristic Model

Sometimes highly complex mathematical formulations to give a definite solution. Or perhaps the optimum solution can be obtained but require that the calculation process is very long and impractical.

Some Definitions Operations Research

        Operations Research May be described as a scientific approach to decision making That involves the operations of organizational systems.
        Operations Research is the application of scientific method to the decision problem of business and other units of social organization, including government and military organization.
        Operations Research today refers to the application of scientific methodology of Trust Different disciplines to problems related to the functioning of Some units operating or business, governmental, or institutional.